Glendower's troops are not ready. On his second day, traveling with copies of the Book of Mormon in his satchel and a prayer in his heart, the young man encountered John P. Greene, a Methodist minister, who kindly took some of his books to promote on a preaching tour of his own. Why? The carriage was white and brilliant with gold and the horses traveled like the wind. He asked his father, who had read the book through, what his feelings were. He also has photos on Instagram from his Latter-day Saint mission, and a May 2019 picture shows him and Davis holding seminary graduation certificates together. As of early 1842, Brigham Young was a contented monogamist. Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, Determining and Defining `Wife: The Brigham Young Households, Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Vol. Brigham Young, who was born June 1, 1801, was the fourth son and eighth child, and he would . ''The emigrants fell victim to Brigham Young's decision to stage a violent incident that would demonstrate his power to control the Indians of the Great Basin and to stop travel on the most important overland roads.''. At Lee's sentencing, as required by Utah Territory statute, he was given the option of being hung, shot, or beheaded, and he chose to be shot. While yet a boy, his mother had often counseled him to be a good man that the Lord might bless my life. Phineas Young was a printer; building contractor; and Mormon bishop, missionary, and pioneer. Brigham Young and His Wives. In such a framework, the message to "not interfere" would be subordinate to the main message: let nothing stand in the way of the Mormon-Paiute alliance. True West asked the authors of both books to lay out their claims. There is a logic to this. Are there books about other independent women of the early West? Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. Mormon historian Juanita Brooks believes that the letter demonstrates that Young "did not order the massacre, and would have prevented it if he could. Some testimony came in private interviews when there was no motive to lie. ''The evidence is unambiguous. [18] A few days after the massacre, September 29, 1857, Lee briefed Young in Salt Lake City. EastIdahoNews.com reached out to the Floyd County sheriff and district attorney for further information, and our calls were not immediately returned. Brigham Young, who was born June 1, 1801, was the fourth son and eighth child, and he would later become the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Likewise, John D. Lee, the only man convicted of the murders, was repeatedly offered leniency in exchange for incriminating Youngthe last offer was made just moments before his execution. "We injoi it and feele to prase the Lord." Lured west by the promise of a wide-open range and a gentle climate -- a boon for cattle ranching -- the party left Arkansas in the spring of 1857, just as the Utah Territory and the United States were on the brink of armed conflict. "[14] Brooks writes, "While Brigham Young and other church authorities did not specifically order the massacre, they did preach sermons and set up social conditions that made it possible." The official website of Brigham Young University | Provo, UT. He was a son by adoption of Brigham Young. March 28, 1884: Or was it March 8? Early on a Monday morning in September 1857, about 140 men, women and children on a California-bound wagon train were slaughtered under a flag of truce by Mormons who apparently considered the act . But though Mr. Bagley and Ms. Denton marshal an astonishing number of archival sources, their case against Brigham Young remains circumstantial. Young believed that Lee's punishment was just but not a sufficient blood atonement, given the enormity of the crime, to allow Lee entrance into the celestial kingdom. There is room for my brown paper-doll family: 2 gospel truths I learned as a young girl that carry my faith, 7 Latter-day Saint resources that answer questions about death and the spirit world, See the stunning winners of the Churchs International Art Competition. "If you wish to get rich, save what you get. Promised safe passage from the area in exchange for surrendering their weapons, the besieged group complied only to be systematically slaughtered. That, say the church historians, is because no such order was given. '', Sally Denton, an investigative reporter based in Santa Fe, N.M., whose book ''American Massacre: The Tragedy at Mountain Meadows'' will be published by Knopf next summer, also holds Young responsible for the crime. Lee was tried twice for murder (he was convicted the second time) and executed in 1877. Shocked by the terrible news, Brigham smashed his hand against his leg in dismaynot just at the loss of a friend and prophet but at the loss of the keys Joseph possessed. The events at Mountain Meadows do not suggest a conspiracy, and certainly none involving Young. [23] In 1870, Young excommunicated some of the participants, including Haight and Lee, from the LDS Church. The Indians initiated the assault, he wrote, and Mormon settlers joined them only reluctantly, fearing reprisals if they did not. The following are a few facts necessary for an understanding of this terrible event in Western and Mormon history. The great historian Harold Schindler spent 40 years learning everything there was to know about Orrin Porter Rockwell, Man of God/Son of Thunder (the title of his definitive biography). Samuel also sold a copy to Phineas Howe Young, one of Brigham's brothers and Greene's brother-in-law. She has two songs in the LDS hymnbook, is mother of six children, 10 grand, 5 great grandchildren. the man was tired of Philip so at the wedding the man stabbed Philip. "What I'm hoping for is to close this chapter, is to . Brigham Young desperately wanted to claim the region as the promised land for the persecuted Mormon people. In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements, he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, We must not interfere with them. These clear and difficult-to-misread words were rushed to Cedar City after Young received an express from local setters there telling him of pending trouble. . Four days ago he posted a video of himself singing and playing the guitar. All of the original Young family joined the LDS Church and served faithfully throughout their lives. The seeing of our faithful Elders slaughtered in cold blood, he wrote after his friends death, is at times almost to[o] grevious to be borne, but as the Spirit within me whispers, peace be still. This advice was never changed. 3, Fall 1987; Leonard J. Arrington, Brigham Young: American Moses, Knopf, New York, 1985. not to spare horseflesh. He didnt. Apparently I succeeded, since critics in the employ of the LDS Church claim I dont prove Brigham Young ordered the murders. Joe . Adding fuel to Mormon rage, they argue, was the killing, a few months before the massacre, of Apostle Parley P. Pratt. People make what they want of the facts in my book, Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows, but for most readers, the evidence about who ordered the massacre is overwhelming. According to Mormon doctrine, he points out, murder in defense of the faith could be considered just. James H. Haslam, interview by S. A. Kenner, reported by Josiah Rogerson, 4 December 1884, typescript, 11, in Josiah Rogerson, Transcripts and Notes of John D. Lee Trials, LDS Church Archives. Federal investigators suspected Brigham Young of having had a hand in the crime but failed to produce sufficient evidence to convict him. The carriage stopped near me, and the Savior inquired where my brother Brigham was. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death. We trust through the atonement of our Savior Jesus Christ that we will see him again and he will always be part of our eternal family, Randy Davis said. On Sept. 11, 1857, a group of California-bound pioneers camping in southern Utah were murdered by a Mormon militia and its Indian allies. 25 years after he murdered their mom, his kids disagree whether he should be released. Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. That admonition includes charging Brigham Young with crimes that he did not commit. It makes me shudder. The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings with them. In this period, militia leaders at Cedar City and at Mountain Meadows changed their minds several times whether the killing should go forward. On September 8, 1857, Captain Stewart Van Vliet, of the US Army Quartermaster Corps, arrived in Salt Lake City. . Theres one answer to all these questions: Brigham Young ordered the murders as a righteous act of vengeance. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has steadfastly denied responsibility. This remarkable man served as bishop of the Salt Lake City 18th Ward for 27 years (see Whitney's "History of Utah: Biographical"). Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. [5] It is unclear whether Young held this view because of a possible belief that this specific group posed a threat to colonists or that they were responsible for past crimes against Mormons. Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. In 1840 Brigham Young traveled to England, where he took charge of missionary efforts, supervising the dramatic growth of Mormonism in that country. Philip the ll was not stabbed by his son he was stabbed by a man who was very jealous of him. It stopped immediately. [16][17], Young first heard about the massacre from John D. Lee, one of the participants. Susa, Brighams daughter, wrote of her father: He fostered and encouraged the study and practice of music, not only in his own family, but among the people (see Life Story of Brigham Young," by Susa Young Gates and Leah D. Widtsoe). Penelope Jackson, 66, is . They are, from left, Lorenzo Dow Young, Brigham Young, Phineas Howe Young, Joseph Young and John Young Jr. How do you put shoes on a cloven-footed ox? Phineas Howe Young (also found as Phinehas) (February 16, 1799 October 10, 1879) was a prominent early convert in the Latter Day Saint movement and was later a Mormon pioneer and a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). In short, the massacre is best explained by cascading local events in a setting of extreme excitement and fear. Others believed the group was an advance guard for the Army. Justice for his peoples wrongs was heavens responsibility, not his, he said. Phineas Howe Young (also found as Phinehas) (February 16, 1799 - October 10, 1879) was a prominent early convert in the Latter Day Saint movement and was later a Mormon pioneer and a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. Brigham Young first became involved with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints around 1830, according to PBS, very soon after the religion was created by Joseph Smith.The Church of LDS is a form of Christianity, but with additional beliefs, including that the Book of Mormon is a holy book and that the church founder, Joseph Smith, was a prophet sent by God, according to History. UTAH STATE PRISON Emery Blanchard says she has seen a change in her father, and after 25 years in prison believes it's time to move on. Here's the account in his own words: Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. Though obviously guilty of murder, Lee was the crime's scapegoat, not instigator, the authors argue, and the Indians had little to do with it. How this hostile atmosphere led to murder in a mountain valley 300 miles south of Salt Lake City, however, is fiercely contested. It creates a sensation and sells books. [25][26] Prior to his execution, Lee claimed that he was a scapegoat for others involved: I have always believed, since that day, that General George A. Smith was then visiting Southern Utah to prepare the people for the work of exterminating Captain Fancher's train of emigrants, and I now believe that he was sent for that purpose by the direct command of Brigham Young. Writing a polemic trying to blame Brigham Young would be self-defeating, just as writing an apologia to clear his skirts would ultimately have to justify murder. ''The idea that this was an Indian massacre is just absurd,'' Ms. Denton said, citing a 1999 forensic analysis that found that many of the victims had died from gunshot wounds to the head. He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. It is something that has been partially experienced and thoroughly documented by many individuals around the world. Anxiously awaited is a book due to be published in 2004 by three Mormon church historians that will exonerate Young. This is a photo of Brigham Young and his brothers taken in the 1860s by C.R. We will always love him and miss him, Randy Davis, Davis father, wrote in a Facebook post Monday. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. Once, when returning to his ranch on the Jordan River, he was mistakenly taken as a thief, shot at and wounded in the arm, where the main artery was severed. There were five stalwart brothers in the John Young family. Young settled in Salt Lake City. The LDS Church was also given a large grant of stock in the Union Pacific, which it held well into the 20 th century. Courtesy: Church History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Following his return to Nauvoo in 1841, Young affirmed his complete loyalty to Joseph Smith by embracing the controversial and still-secret practice of polygamy, despite his initial personal . Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, "Determining and Defining `Wife': The . Matters have & are being delayed with design of Cohearce [to coerce] me to Make a statement beyond what I know, he wrote in his diary. With no additional evidence, some historians have pointed to a Native American council held in Salt Lake City on September 1, 1857. After enduring a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly ploy. Susan Evans McCloud is author of more than 40 books: fiction, mystery, biography. For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. Of the 23 who survived him, 17 received a share of his estate while the remaining 6 apparently had non conjugal roles. The boy was just 8 years old when he said Oneal, his father, attacked him after murdering his mom and 9-year-old sister. The current round of debate may be the bluntest yet about the episode, which, in addition to investigative accounts, has inspired at least five novels in the last several years. A second form could seal a woman to one man for time and another for eternity. Brigham Young was born in 1801 born in Whittingham, Vermont. Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. [1] [2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column . (Right) John D. Lee. But despite two trials, one execution and many official investigations, the event -- known as the Mountain Meadows massacre -- remains shrouded in mystery and rumor. On one occasion she told me that if I would not neglect to pray to my Heavenly Father, he would send a guardian angel to protect me in the dangers to which I might be exposed (see The Faithful Young Family"). Brigham Young Did It. After I had answered His inquiries, he stated that he wanted us all, but he especially wanted my brother Brigham.". Brigham Young tried to stop the massacre. Shortly after the outbreak of the Civil War, Brigham Young and his entourage visited Mountain Meadows for the first time since 1857. It misfired six times, and he then pointed it at a post and all six shots . The two laid hands on me, Lorenzo wrote, and asked the Lord to stop the flow of blood from my wounded arm. Haight and Dame were also the senior regional military leaders of the Mormon militia. The most common, and the only one currently practiced by the Mormon church, is a ceremony that seals a man and a woman for time (mortal life) and eternity. But do we know what awaits us after this life? Originally ran between Salt Lake and York. Rather than provide them with what they wanted, Lee chose to die like a man then [than] to live a villain.. How did the widow Pratt cross 1,500 dusty miles in a mere 21 days? Angela places the blame for his conviction in part on his wife, Jenny, saying her statements about events had . From 1864 through 1871 Young served as the bishop of the Salt Lake City 2nd Ward. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? Police told the website Risner ran from officers while they were trying to take him into custody. For the decade prior the emigrants' arrival, Utah Territory had existed essentially as a theocracy led by Brigham Young. I never had seen anything of the kind in my life," Phineas continued, but had always believed the people were living far beneath their privileges (see The Faithful Young Family: The Parents, Brothers and Sisters of Brigham," Leonard J. Arrington and JoAnn Jolley, Ensign, August 1980). Hiding Rockwells role in expressing Eleanor to Utah from my late friend Hal was evidence that had been carefully suppressed. The winners of the Church History Museums 12th International Art Competition have been announced, and the artwork is breathtaking. [4] By 1841 he had relocated to Nauvoo. Lee was arrested on November 7, 1874. Somehow he had the presence of mind to send this Brother Daniels to another, Brother Jeremy, who lived close by. Though Bridger helped the Mormons find their way to the Salt Lake Valley, Young suspected him of inciting Indian attacks on Mormon settlements and of spying on the Mormons for the U.S. government, which was somewhat threatened by the . Historians still debate the autonomy and precise roles of local Cedar City LDS Church officials in ordering the massacre and Young's concealing of evidence in its aftermath. Young was born in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, the seventh child of John Young and Abigail Howe. The two main contenders were James Jesse Strang and Brigham Young. He did not murder his own parents," she says. The religion had undergone a period of intense conflict with non-Mormons in the American midwest, and faithful Mormons made solemn oaths to pray for vengeance upon those who killed the "prophets" including founder Joseph Smith, and more recently apostle Parley P. Pratt, who was murdered in April 1857 while traveling as a missionary in Arkansas. ROME, Georgia A recent Brigham Young University-Idaho graduate was stabbed to death over the weekend in northwestern Georgia. Like. The facts are these: Young spoke out against revenge killings. As Latter-day Saints, we know that death isn't the end. Also [email protected], Copyright 2023 Deseret News Publishing Company. Brigham Young succeeded founder Joseph Smith as the president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1847; he led the church until his death in 1877. [9] In Utah Territory, Young worked as a printer, saddler and contractor.[10]. Copy. "[Young] is not only the president here but he is the president of the states and kingdoms of this world no matter if they have not elected him." In a very real sense, Brigham Young was the law. Witnesses later testified about Haslams dramatic arrival in Salt Lake City, the writing of the letter and its dispatch South. These men later insisted that no orders had come from Salt Lake City, and this testimony included that given by those who in later life left Utah and Mormonism. It was understood that any children by the second husband would be considered the progeny of the first. For the desperately poor Mormon settlers in southern Utah, the Fancher party, with its hefty supply of cash, arms and hundreds of valuable horses and cattle, was simply irresistible. Many of the wives to whom Young were sealed were widows or elderly women for whom he merely cared or gave the protection of his name. "For many years no person saw a smile on his countenance, Brigham, in a later sermon, told the Saints about his conversation with his brother, in consequence of the burden of the Lord upon him, and realizing that the inhabitants of the Earth had all gone out of the way and had turned every man to his own views (see Journal of Discourses, 12:95). The mission of Brigham Young University founded, supported, and guided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is to assist individuals in their quest for perfection and eternal life. EastIdahoNews.com, LLC. When asked by Horace Greeley in 1859, Brigham Young said that he had 15 wives, but some of those sealed to me are old ladies whom I regard rather as mothers than wives. The council sought to create a Mormon-Indian alliance, and to make such an arrangement attractive to the Indians, Young allegedly told them that he would no longer stop them from stealing emigrant cattle on the California Trail. Richards. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. Young read the Bible verse the soldiers had inscribed on a cedar cross atop the monument: Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord., It should read, he said, Vengeance is mine, and I have taken a little. Young then directed the desecration of the grave. Even though Young blessed it as a place to begin anew,his fears of continued religious persecution may have caused him to order a massacre. From the early Nauvoo days, the Young brothers performed quartet-style for the Saints; the Prophet Joseph especially enjoyed hearing them sing. According to trial testimony given later by Haslam, when Haight read Young's words, he sobbed like a child and could manage only the words, "Too late, too late. ''It was locally planned and carried out.''. According to her, they would try to leave Utah then turn up murdered (supposedly by Native Americans) along the way. More decisive to its fate, the Fancher party was said to have incited the murderous wrath of local Indians by poisoning their wells and livestock. [2] Shortly after their baptisms, Phineas Young and Joseph Young became ordained elders in the church began preaching as missionaries in New York and Upper Canada. RICHMOND, Va. (Reuters) - A Virginia state senator whose mentally ill son stabbed him 13 times and then committed suicide has filed a $6 million lawsuit against the state and a . And, as a home missionary he administered to the sick, the needy, the spiritually weak, spreading love, light and encouragement wherever he went, according to The Faithful Young Family.". Strang attempted to bring followers to him and to do this he wanted to use logic and rhetoric. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. Instead I tried to tell the story as honestly and accurately as possible and let readers make up their own minds about who ordered the slaughter of more than 80 women and childrenand why. "This evening I am with my wife a lone by my fire side for the first time for years," Young wrote in his diary in January 1842. The rest is history. Phineas Young was an older brother of Brigham Young, who was the president of the LDS Church and the first governor of the Territory of Utah. Lorenzo remained in that noble calling until he died, 18 years after that. A Bronx teenager was dragged from a store by a group of men, repeatedly stabbed on the sidewalk and left to die in a brutal murder that has sparked widespread outrage in the city . Will Bagley, a history columnist for the Salt Lake Tribune, is the author of Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows published by the University of Oklahoma Press. Two new books are reviving old accusations that Mormon leader Brigham Young masterminded massacre of 120 men, women and children who were slain at Mountain Meadows in southern Utah on Sept 11 . He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. They were murdered by a small Mormon militia and its Indian allies in a horrible ploy: after a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly lie. 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West asked the authors of both books to lay out their claims up murdered ( supposedly did brigham young son stab him! The website Risner ran from officers while they were trying to take him into.. What the total cost of the Civil War, Brigham Young ordered the murders as a act! First time since 1857 family joined the LDS Church pointed to a Native American council held in Lake., September 29, 1857, Captain Stewart Van Vliet, of the Young! Young and Abigail Howe testimony came in private interviews when there was no motive to lie mom his! Apparently I succeeded, since critics in the employ of the participants, including Haight and Dame were the! Savior inquired where my brother Brigham. `` he murdered their mom, his father, wrote in a post... Of vengeance his own words: Brigham Young wasn & # x27 ; m for.

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