Only a famous death will do. As a result, Commodus appeared even more rarely in public, preferring to live on his estates. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. The fall of Perennis brought a new spate of executions: Aufidius Victorinus committed suicide. A gladiator, a god to his people, and eventually the man behind the collapse of over 80 years of Roman peace, Commodus was anything but one strict thing. Early Life - Chapter I: 1:03. While the films fictional account maintains that the killing of Commodus was motivated by the nature of the emperors actions, it is more personal and emotionally charged in the film than in history. Commodus orders 150 days of gladiatorial combat, ostensibly to commemorate his late father, while in reality attempting to distract the populace from the Senate's corruption and the rampant plague epidemics. We'll explain. As Edward Gibbon noted in his famous Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, in the intervening years between the death of Domitian and the reign of Commodus, the vast extent of the Roman empire was governed by absolute power, under the guidance of virtue and wisdom. The Five Good Emperors, ruled efficiently and under them the Roman people enjoyed a rational freedom.. Ancient Chinese Earthquake Detector Invented 2,000 Years Ago Really Worked! Also, in Britain in 184, the governor Ulpius Marcellus re-advanced the Roman frontier northward to the Antonine Wall, but the legionaries revolted against his harsh discipline and acclaimed another legate, Priscus, as emperor. There was a general, Pertinax, who was a friend of Marcus Aurelius and succeeded Commodus, and there was a gladiator, Narcissus, who killed the narcissistic Commodus (actually his own master at arms, who murdered him at home, in his . Commodus was also known for fighting exotic animals in the arena, often to the horror and disgust of the Roman populace. Commodus had an elder twin brother, Titus Aurelius Fulvus Antoninus, who died in 165. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. It appears that Aurelius was desperate to have a son of his own bloodline succeed him. He gave Rome a new name, Colonia Commodiana (Colony of Commodus), and imagined that he was the god Hercules, entering the arena to fight as a gladiator or to kill lions with bow and arrow. Ser. Als besonders skandals empfand man die Beziehung zwischen Eppia, einer Frau aus reicher Familie, die Senatorengattin war, und dem Gladiator Sergiolus. The film is based on real historical events, but . 6.7M views 8 years ago #Gladiator #Oscars #RussellCrowe After Emperor Commodus (Joaquin Phoenix) lands a lethal blow on Maximus (Russell Crowe) he is finally reunited with his wife and child as. Wife of M. Annius Libo: Levick (2014), p. 163. Narcissus died by execution during the series of civil wars after Commodus's death. They bungled the job and were seized by the emperor's bodyguard. A more fun alternative would be having Maximus and the Senate recover control of Rome, while Maximus gets to experience a new family life with Lucilla (Connie Nielson) and her son Lucius (Spencer Treat Clark). Roman Emperor Lucius Aurelius Commodus was a corrupt ruler who was not well-received by the Roman people during his reign. He is viewed as having been an inept emperor, his megalomaniac tendencies leading to odd behaviors which frustrated and upset the Roman people. The gladiator who defied an emperor. Claudius M. Appius Atilius Bradua Regillus Atticus, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commodus&oldid=1137878630, Commodus is a minor antagonist in the 2005 video game, Commodus appears as one of the antagonists in the popular young adult fiction novel series, dashed lines indicate adoption; dotted lines indicate love affairs/unmarried relationships, G. Alfldy, "Der Friedesschluss des Kaisers Commodus mit den Germanen,", P. A. Brunt, "The Fall of Perennis: Dio-Xiphilinus 79.9.2,", J. Gag, "La mystique imperiale et l'preuve des jeux. However, in private practice fights, Commodus would slay his opponents. Suetonius a possible lover of Sabina: One interpretation of, Lover of Hadrian: Lambert (1984), p.99 and. Reigning from 180 to 192 A.D., Commodus all but ignored his official duties. The three of them plotted to assassinate the emperor. According to Aurelius, Commodus received his educational training with "an abundance of good masters.". Lucilla was over ten years his senior and held the rank of Augusta as the widow of her first husband, Lucius Verus. And what could be more glorious than to challenge the Emperor himself in the great arena? In the same year, Pertinax unmasked a conspiracy by two enemies of Cleander Antistius Burrus (one of Commodus's brothers-in-law) and Arrius Antoninus. Dissatisfaction with this state of affairs would lead to a series of conspiracies and attempted coups, which in turn eventually provoked Commodus to take charge of affairs, which he did in an increasingly dictatorial manner. Commodus (/kmds/;[4] 31 August 161 31 December 192) was a Roman emperor who ruled from 177 to 192. Intro: 0:00. Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus was born on 31 August AD161 in Lanuvium, near Rome. He assassinated the Roman emperor Commodus in 192 AD. The executions of the senators had whet his appetite for blood and he devoted himself to combats of wild beasts and of men. Not merely content to hunt in private, the emperor began to perform in the Colosseum itself, competing as a gladiator to the delight of the crowds and horror of the senate, as depicted in Gladiator. Striking story! His family is murdered, and he becomes a slave, and then sold off to become a gladiator. Commodus lunged at the Senator. Through his teen years, Commodus, now a young man with curly blonde hair, joined Aurelius on military campaigns. The 2000 film, directed by Ridley Scott, is steeped in the culture of ancient Rome. His victories were often welcomed by his bested opponents, as bearing scars dealt by the hand of an emperor was considered a mark of fortitude. Before his death, the Emperor chooses Maximus to be his heir over his own son, Commodus, and a power struggle leaves . The consensus was that it was below his office to participate as a gladiator. Commodus Roman Emperor In Power Nov 27, 176 - Dec 31, 192 Born Aug 31, 161Lanuvium, Italy Died Dec 31, 192 (aged 31)Rome, Italy Wife Bruttia Crispina Father Marcus Aurelius Mother Faustina the Younger Lucius Aurelius Commodus was born in Lanuvium, near Rome, on August 31, 161. Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus. Ein Gladiator (lateinisch gladiator zu gladius fr . Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Before his death, the Emperor chooses Maximus to be his heir over his own son, Commodus, and a power struggle leaves . Striking story! His great simplicity, however, together with his cowardice, made him the slave of his companions, and it was through them that he at first, out of ignorance, missed the better life and then was led on into lustful and cruel habits, which soon became second nature."[26]. In the story of Gladiator, the Roman general Maximus is betrayed by the evil Emperor Commodus. He kept most of the advisers from his fathers regime in place and the first three years of his reign ran as smoothly as that of his father with the added benefit that Rome was no longer fighting any wars. The Beast with an insatiable Hunger for Human Flesh, Film Footage Provides Intimate View of HMS Gloucester Shipwreck, Top 8 Legendary Parties - Iconic Celebrations in Ancient History, The Spanish Inquisition: The Truth Behind the Black Legend (Part II), The Spanish Inquisition: The Truth behind the Dark Legend (Part I), Bloodthirsty Buddhists: The Sohei Warrior Monks of Feudal Japan, Legends Of The Oracle Of Delphi At The Centre Of The World. 37 Dirty Medieval Manuscripts That Prove People In The Middle Ages Weren't So Prudish After All, Inside The Little-Known Story Of Laura Bullion, The 'Thorny Rose' Of The Wild Bunch, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? Thrown into the spotlight as Rome . ( Naughtynimitz/CC BY-SA 3.0 ). As he was physically strong, his chief interest was in sport: he took part in horse racing, chariot racing, and combat with beasts and men, mostly in private but also on occasion in public. He also devalued Roman currency, reducing the weight of the denarius and reducing the purity of silver. It's a great story of revenge but the character of Maximus is entirely made up. The latter is what has made the movie timeless. By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings. He thought of himself as the reincarnation of Hercules, frequently emulating the legendary hero's feats by appearing in the arena to fight a variety of wild animals. The ancient Greek city of Delphi, located on the slopes of Mount Parnassus, was home to the main Temple of Apollo and the renowned Oracle of Delphi. In the spring of 190, Rome was afflicted by a food shortage, for which the praefectus annonae Papirius Dionysius, the official actually in charge of the grain supply, contrived to lay the blame on Cleander. The Death of Commodus, from a history book published in 1900. His mother was Annia Galeria Faustina, a member of the Roman nobility and the daughter of the emperor Antoninus Pius. Cassius Dio recorded one incident where, after becoming tired out, Commodus ordered a cup of chilled wine to him and drank it at one gulp. In an amusing anecdote, Dio continued, At this both the populace and we senators all immediately shouted out the words so familiar at drinking-bouts, Long life to you!'. Commodus took the loss of Saoterus badly, and Perennis now seized the chance to advance himself by implicating Paternus in a second conspiracy, one apparently led by Publius Salvius Julianus, who was the son of the jurist Salvius Julianus and was betrothed to Paternus's daughter. He later killed his father after he announced that General Maximus Meridius would be his successor. The latter eventually would be used as a conventional title by Roman emperors, starting about a century later, but Commodus seems to have been the first to assume it.[31]. Upon his ascension, Commodus devalued the Roman currency. One such notable event was the attempted extermination of the house of the Quinctilii. The breaking point and Commodus' real death. ( Public Domain ). Innumerable statues around the empire were set up portraying him in the guise of Hercules, reinforcing the image of him as a demigod, a physical giant, a protector, and a warrior who fought against men and beasts (see "Commodus and Hercules" and "Commodus the Gladiator" below). Commodus reign is commonly regarded as the beginning of the Roman Empires decline, and he is a natural choice for the primary antagonist of Gladiator. At the end of June, a mob demonstrated against Cleander during a horse race in the Circus Maximus: he sent the Praetorian Guard to put down the disturbances, but Pertinax, who was now City Prefect of Rome, dispatched the Vigiles Urbani to oppose them. Dying and going to Elysium is a more fitting reward for him than taking control of Rome. Commodus was inaugurated in 183 as consul with Aufidius Victorinus for a colleague and assumed the title Pius. Sporting critical wounds after enacting his vengeance at the end of Gladiator, Maximus dies moments after Commodus. During 191, the city of Rome was extensively damaged by a fire that raged for several days, during which many public buildings including the Temple of Pax, the Temple of Vesta, and parts of the imperial palace were destroyed. The slave who became a gladiator. Commode-Hercule et l'anthropologie hercalenne,", M.P. His tale was not believed and he was immediately put to death. Commodus, in full Caesar Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Augustus, original name (until 180 ce) Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus, (born August 31, 161 ce, Lanuvium, Latium [now Lanuvio, Italy]died December 31, 192), Roman emperor from 177 to 192 (sole emperor after 180). Well, kind of, but not really. The character is, however, portrayed fictionally in Gladiator, and his death during Maximus final fight in the Colosseum is an example of the films historical inaccuracy. www.alexanderdoddy.com. It appeared that he had no interest in being a leader, and only wanted to take advantage of his leadership powers to fulfill his own desires. Pompeianus retired from public life. They then returned to Rome in the autumn of 176. The Libyan-born Septimius Severus has gone down in history as the first African Emperor of Rome . We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. Was this German silver mine really defended by two Roman forts and a line of "spike defenses? Whatever its roots, the conspiracy failed and the incident aroused an insane paranoia in Commodus, who began seeing plots and treachery everywhere. Mudlarker Finds Bronze Age Shoe on a UK Riverbank Dated 2,800 Years Old! As disgusted as the senators were by the sight of their emperor running around half-naked in the sands of the amphitheater, they were too terrified to do anything but play along. Whereas the reign of Marcus Aurelius had been marked by almost continuous warfare, Commodus's rule was comparatively peaceful in the military sense, but was also characterised by political strife and the increasingly arbitrary and capricious behaviour of the emperor himself. Disdaining the more philosophic inclinations of his father, Commodus was extremely proud of his physical prowess. His death in history marks the end of the Nerva-Antonine dynasty; in the movie, his death marks the retributive end of Maximus Gladiator story. Commodus did initially engage in some leadership-oriented activities, although not always in the favor of the Roman people. In the view of Dio Cassius, his accession marked the descent "from a kingdom of gold to one of iron and rust".[20]. To some, this was a sign that Commodus was not actually the biological child of Aurelius, and that his mother had conceived him while engaging in an affair. Thereafter his rule became increasingly arbitrary and vicious. schizoform/ CC BY 2.0 Painting, Hercules and the Hydra, Public Domain, Commodus Encyclopaedia Britannica. It was presumably there that, on 15 October 172, he was given the victory title Germanicus, in the presence of the army. All Action 473K subscribers 86K 11M views 1 year ago #Gladiator #RidleyScott #AllAction Commodus (Joaquin Phoenix) challenges Maximus (Russell Crowe) in combat in the hopes of killing him. . He also had the head of the Colossus of Nero adjacent to the Colosseum replaced with his own portrait, gave it a club, placed a bronze lion at its feet to make it look like Hercules Romanus, and added an inscription boasting of being "the only left-handed fighter to conquer twelve times one thousand men".[23]. [34] The Romans found Commodus's gladiatorial combat to be scandalous and disgraceful. Commodus accompanied his father during the Marcomannic Wars in 172, and on a tour of the Eastern provinces in 176. The real Commodus was also taken out by a Senate plot, although less publicly: After a few unsuccessful attempts, he was strangled to death in his bathroom by a professional wrestler moonlighting as an assassin. Known for their equestrian skills and bravery in battle, they played a crucial role in expanding the empire and establishing its dominance. Commodus hired a wrestler to train him to be even better in the arena. But in reality, it was marked the end of the promise of Rome. [17] He subsequently married Bruttia Crispina before accompanying his father to the Danubian front once more in 178. His death, however, was the result of an assassination plot in 192, culminating with Narcissus killing him in the bath. This biographical article related to crime is a stub. In AD 191, he took over more of the reins of power, though he continued to rule through a cabal consisting of Marcia, his new chamberlain Eclectus, and the new praetorian prefect Quintus Aemilius Laetus. [36] Popular rumors spread alleging he was not actually the son of Marcus Aurelius, but of a gladiator his mother Faustina had taken as a lover at the coastal resort of Caieta.[37]. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. 1. He also believed himself to be a reincarnation of Hercules and enjoyed fighting in an arena as a gladiator. With a thirst for power, he ruled the Roman Empire almost 2,000 years ago, declaring himself Emperor A new anthropological study provides a strong message about what happens when social contracts are broken by a previously good government the government and the society collapses hard Commodus, the son and heir of the distinguished philosopher emperor Marcus Aurelius , was a failure as a Roman emperor. Contrary to the plot of Gladiator where Emperor Commodus is portrayed as having killed Marcus Aurelius the two ruled together, from 177 until the latters death in 180. Lucius Aurelius Commodus, born 161 A.D., was appointed co-emperor by his father Marcus Aurelius in 177 A.D. when he was just 16 years old. Cookies help us deliver our Services. Commodus' famous gesture, which he gives when deciding the fate of defeated gladiators Commodus: The general who became a slave. This ancient Roman biographical article is a stub. Julia Balbilla a possible lover of Sabina: A. R. Birley (1997). The Horsemen of Oyo were legendary warriors who served the Oyo Empire of West Africa. Far from celebrating his descent from Marcus Aurelius, the actual source of his power, he stressed his own personal uniqueness as the bringer of a new order, seeking to re-cast the empire in his own image. On 31 December 192 AD, Commodus's concubine[2] and conspirator Marcia poisoned Commodus's wine. A grateful Senate proclaimed a new emperorthe city prefect, Publius Helvius Pertinaxbut the empire quickly slipped into civil war. By 192 A.D., the Roman people had had enough. Murdering the emperor, after all, was frowned upon even one as hated as Commodus, who had bankrupted Rome with his egotistical demands and was infamous for ordering cruel executions. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, about 5 Celebrity Gladiators of Bloodthirsty Ancient Rome, about Romes African Emperor: Septimius Severus and the Scottish Invasion, about Catastrophic Collapse: When Historic Good Governments Turned Bad, about Mimicking Gods and Gladiators: The Assassination Of Emperor Commodus, about The Philosopher-King of Ancient Rome: Marcus Aurelius' Imperium, about Fair-Weather Friends: A Weird Explanation for 20% of Roman Emperor Assassinations, The Lemon Grove Mummies: Ancient Corpses from Mexican Cave Found in California Garage, The Curious Apparitions of Pagan Goddesses to the German Knights Templar, Caesars Savage Human Skewers Unearthed In German Fort, The Warriors Who Shaped African History: The Horsemen of Oyo. The legions were renamed Commodianae, the fleet which imported grain from Africa was termed Alexandria Commodiana Togata, the Senate was entitled the Commodian Fortunate Senate, his palace and the Roman people themselves were all given the name Commodianus, and the day on which these reforms were decreed was to be called Dies Commodianus. After becoming emperor, Commodus spent his 12-year reign indulging in hobbies like gambling, drinking and chariot-racing, but his two greatest passions seemed to be sex and pretending to be a . The gladiator who defied an emperor. [30] On his father's death in 180, Commodus changed this to Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Commodus, before changing back to his birth name in 191.[1]. The following year he became the youngest emperor and consul up to that point, at the age of 16. [35] According to Herodian, spectators of Commodus thought it unbecoming of an emperor to take up arms in the amphitheater for sport when he could be campaigning against barbarians among other opponents of Rome. But since "Gladiator" is based on a true story (sort of), we can look at history to see what might have happened next. After repeated attempts on Commodus's life, Roman citizens were often killed for making him angry. Commodus received extensive tutoring by a multitude of teachers with a focus on intellectual education. Riverbank Dated 2,800 Years Old rarely in public, preferring to live on his estates Lucius Aelius Aurelius was. Under them the Roman people skills and bravery in battle, they played a crucial role in expanding empire... Hercules and enjoyed fighting in an arena as a result, Commodus Encyclopaedia Britannica, not! Whet his appetite for blood and he devoted himself to combats of wild beasts and of men )... 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