Copyright 2008 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved. - Melquades, 'One Hundred Years Of Solitude'. Noah's son Ham was guilty of disgracing his father's name and ill-treatment towards Noah. In the bible, when Adam and Eve eat the fruit, their eyes are opened and they realize their nudity. Before we barely get into the book Marquez uses a biblical reference. Analyzes how garcia marquez is forcing the reader to question ideas developed in the bible such as whether or not redemption can be achieved through one. 2023 Shmoop University Inc | All Rights Reserved | Privacy | Legal. Compares the story of noah's ark and the epic of gilgamish, where the gods destroy everything on earth by creating a great flood. One Hundred Years of Solitude Gabriel Garca Mrquez's multigenerational saga of the Buenda family in the isolated town of Macondo inaugurated the boom in Latin American literature in the 1970s and marked the beginning of magical realism. Explains that noah's ark is a well-known story of how god punished the world for how corrupt it had become. Rash presented the fact of Carolina Power coming into the land to flood it when he states Id farm this land until Carolina Power ran us all out and drowned these fields and creeks and the river itself (40). The world was so recent that many things lacked names, and in order to indicate them Describes deucalion's warnings about a great flood in ancient greece. They are open to the readers interpretation but many are openly seen to be to Genesis. The death toll has been estimated at 2,000. Magic realism is a writing style in which mythical elements are put into a realistic story but it does not break the narrative flow; rather it helps a reader get a deeper understanding of the reality. Analyzes how aureliano segundo and petra cotes' shared solitude of love is one of the types of solitude in the novel. intertextual examples from the bible and greek and roman tragedies reinforce the novel. This story, however, has roots deep in the past, some of which have only come to light with the development of new archeological techniques and technology. It may be classified into different types. the rain brought upon macondo, nearly washed away the entire spiteful plantation with all of its sins. Explains that many greek gods and goddesses were borne out of incest. A copy of Garca Mrquez's Nobel Prize lecture, "The Solitude of Latin America," delivered on December 8, 1982. Inventive, amusing, magnetic, sad and alive with unforgettable men and womenbrimming with truth, compassion, and a lyrical magic that strikes the soulthis novel is a masterpiece in . This is the language of a poet who knows the earth and does not fear it as the of the dreamer. Allusions Literary and Philosophical References Seneca Ovid Horace Rabelais Hermann the Lame (11th century monk in Reichenau, Germany), the earliest treatise on the astrolabe, quadrant and chilindrum Jos Zorrilla y Moral, The Goth's Dagger Carlos Fuentes, The Death of Artemio Cruz. the absences of sea, death, mourning, wailing, pain, accused items, and persons symbolise the triumph of life over death. States that pastoral is a middle country of the imagination, halfway between past perfection and present imperfection, where the individual's potencies for the arts of love and poetry are explored and tested. When these things come about it brings the demise of Macondo along with it. This idea portrays that without learning from the past, which you cant do when constantly moving in a circle, you can never break the cycle because you always end up where you started. "Things have a life of their own, it's simply a matter of waking up their souls.". May 22, 2017. Magic Realism and Intertextual Examples of The Bible in Gabriel Garcia Marquez's 100 Years of Solitude, Realism and Intertextuality in One Hundred Years of Solitude, Free YGB Essays: Nathaniel Hawthorne's Young Goodman Brown, The Effects of Beat Writers and Experimental Poetry on Edwin Morgan's Work. Analyzes easterley, joan elizabeth. Analyzes the lachrymal imagery in hawthorne's "young goodman brown". Congratulations! He shouted, Maybe that rooster of yours can do your wife a favor! (23). Explains that the legend of the flood is of summerian origin, and is now known from the excavations at kish and ur to have been based upon an historical catastrophe. Estimates of its sales are around 50 million worldwide, which would put it in the range of books like The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Lolita, To Kill a Mockingbird, and 1984.College syllabi can certainly account for some of this figure, but when . Final draft of Biblical Allusions in 100 Years of Solitude. Opines that we, the inventors of tales, feel entitled to believe that it is not yet too late to engage in the creation of the opposite of utopia. macondo's creation resembles eden in genesis. In this text, the gods have decided to destroy everything on earth by creating a great flood. This is a very strong idea from The Bible. These allusions are not merely additional literary devices, but rather form much of the structure of the novel. In Gabriel Garcia Marquezs Nobel Prize speech, The Solitude of Latin America, he uses the term solitude as a metaphor for Latin America through negative stereotypes from other countries and Latin Americas geographic isolation. Wiki User. The way he depicts it in the novel is through technology and modernization. ! he calmed down by the other gods and gave them immortality and transferred them to a remote island. Explains that noah's son ham was guilty of disgracing his fathers name and ill-treatment towards noah, so a curse was cast upon him. Explains that the same idea is shown in genesis. Analyzes how carpio is the only devoted christian in the novel, with a rigid moral code as well as strict moral codes. People are different in many ways; some cope with stress easily, and some can be devoured by their problems and are unable to find resolution. Explains that the images contained within revelation occupy a pivotal role in the wider history and development of hellenistic culture and polity. Describes how a great storm wipes out everyone and everything except the passengers on the boat. Explains that the bible in effect makes slavery in american unjust. Duke Power Company (DPC) announced [the] construction of the Keowee Toxaway Project on January 2, 1965, and began development in 1967. Explains that lucretius' literary influence was significant and subsequent poets such as vergil, horace and statius, all of whom appropriated the motif. Opines that there is no hope for the buenda family in macondo. Opines that condemned to one hundred years of solitude will have, at last and forever a second. as the waters recede, the ark lands on mt. The sky crumbled into a set of destructive storms and out the north came hurricane that scattered roofs about and knocked down walls and uprooted every last plant of the banana groves." Analyzes how marquez's descriptive details create a realistic world out of the unparalleled. Explains that the town had the opportunity to test the crude reality of the telephone installed in town. All the living things on earth died birds, domestic animals, wild animals, all kinds of small animals, and all the peopleThey were all destroyed" (Genesis 7:19-23). Ledford-Miller, Linda. All rights reserved. Analyzes how gabriel garcia marquez's novel, one hundred years of solitude, is associated with magic realism. And out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof (Genesis 2:19). In Gabriel Garcia Marquezs short story A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings, the values of religion are the center of, The gap created because of original sin between God and man is rightly depicted in the pose and expression of Adam. not all christians uphold this standard and many do not keep these roles throughout the marriage. The people whom he though were holy and Christian. Marquez incorporates many allusions to make early Macondo seem almost Edenesk, he brings up and touches on the ideas of forbidden knowledge, time moving in circles, lineage and original sin and emphasizes the idea of killing to defend your manhood. Compares the two events that took place in ron rash's book, one foot in eden, and the great flood in the bible. Having trouble understanding One Hundred Years of Solitude? your sheep and goats have not miscarried, nor have i eaten rams from your flocks.". He has it happen while the manuscript is being revealed so it can be seen as something that was going to happen regardless. Early Macondo resembles Eden very much in the fact that there was no government, money system or church, the people just took care of themselves and all worked together. Analyzes how remedios the beauty, like jesus in the bible, ascends into the sky in 100 years of solitude. Mrquez used these biblical references to give the related deaths more meaning. Instead, it will ask us to accept several different myths at the same time. Describes how noah and his family mark the transition from the adamic age to the current age. Being unable to stay longer in paradise, Adam portrays intense guilt and seems to look like he is just about to. Analyzes how morgan's fascination with glasgow doesn't wear off, and he keeps circling glasgow and the glaswegians in his poetry. This also relates to the idea of sin. Instead of making the people better off they are unhappy with the progress which also supports the theme of a non-linear timeline. Jose, like Cain, dreams of something greater than Riohacha; he dreams of a noisy city with houses having mirror walls rose up and the citys name had a supernatural echo in his dream: Macondo (Marquez 24). One very large theme of 100 Years of Solitude and The Bible is the idea of pre-determined fate or original sin. Ultimately, it was a . The chapter continues with Jose Arcadio Buendia killing Prudencio with his spear. The literary character of Revelation embraces may different types and genres. Explains harris, stephen l., "gilgamesh." Explains that the heavenly city conforms to the role of the amoenus locus in its basic design. Explains that the flood lasts 150 days and destroys everything. The story of the great flood has been debated many times as far as its historical accuracy. Narrates how molly stole the blessing of the eldest child from his brother. "the noahs flood salvage job.". GenresFictionClassicsMagical RealismLiteratureFantasyNovelsHistorical Fiction .more 429 pages, Paperback First published May 1, 1967 It will not be based solely on the Bible, nor will it be totally grounded in science. Analyzes how marquez attacks the belief that redemption of man can be achieved through a single man. It also used as a metaphor for a very narrow opening. The length of time emphasizes that humans cannot attain God's power no matter how much knowledge or technology we obtain. For six days and nights the wind and flood raged. Colombian author Gabriel Garcia Marquez grew up enthralled with tales of magic and fantasy, he enjoyed them so much so that he would dedicate his life to the creation of stories for others to enjoy. this is just the beginning of difference. Explains that the israelite culture was family focused and a culture of kinship. this event was a prophecy of the bible, and was confirmed in 146 bc. Mans sin became so unbearable to God that he finally decided to get rid of humanity through a Flood. Solitude is a broad term associated with social isolation. One Hundred Years of Solitude encompasses the sweep of Latin American history. Concludes that water has been symbolized in various aspects in many different texts throughout history. The characters include a protagonist, which is the main person in the story (Fee and Stuart, 2003). Analyzes how ursula's point is validated in the literature in her response to jose arcadio buendias desire to move macondo to a better place. The deaths that occurred would usually be preceded or succeeded by an event that referenced the bible. Analyzes how the description of the city highlights desirable features. the amoenus locus is a place where humanity meets the divine. Here solitude is not defined as loneliness, but rather a fated seclusion by space or some neurotic obsession. Analyzes how colonel aureliano buendia's character shows the solitude of lovelessness during the time he faced the death of his wife, remedios moscote. Explains that one hundred years of solitude is to write down the history of the buenda family concentrating a "century of daily episodes in such way that they coexisted. it was transferred to canaan. He spared only Noah and his family, along with two of every type of animal; one male and one female. Analyzes how marquez described the world as being "so recent that many things lacked names" in one hundred years of solitude. Analyzes how richter argues that there are three main reasons that hinder christians from reading the old testament: 1) the belief that the redemptive story is not present in the new testament and 2) the great barrier (differences in culture, history, geography, etc.). I first picked up my copy of Gabriel Garcia Marquez' One Hundred Years of Solitude in 2016. Revelation 21: 1-22: 5: An Apocalyptic Amoenus Locus? Renowned critic Harold Bloom has even called the book the Bible of Macondo (Bloom 1), an apt characterization considering that the novel, throughout its course, contains sections that closely parallel the Book of Genesis. Gabriel Garca Mrquez's multigenerational saga of the Buenda family in the isolated town of Macondo inaugurated the boom in Latin American literature in the 1970s and marked the beginning of magical realism. Download a free audiobook version of "One Hundred Years of Solitude" and support TED-Ed's nonprofit mission: https://adbl.co/2LHl4XMCheck out our full book r. There is a mysterious story in 2 Kings that can help us understand what is happening in the Transfiguration. Analyzes how 22:5 draws on the unreal light which is characteristic of the city: the light that enlightens it comes not from a creature, sun, moon or lamp, but directly from god. Literary Reference Center. One Hundred Years of Solitude closely mimics passages and parables found throughout The Bible, beginning with the city of Macondo itself. Opines that horace's absence from his farm is like a "division of his own being" and the desire for the land, or farm, connotes the egalitarian nature of the epicurean community. Analyzes how morgan uses catalysts to explore formal and semantic borderlines, combining experimental techniques with the beatniks' call for real life in poetry. Genesis 2:22 Then the LORD God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man. Explains budge's babylonian story of the deluge and the epic of gilgamesh. Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a Colombian author, illustrated the ideal picture of solitude in Latin America though his words he expressed in his Nobel Prize speech. Analyzes how noah releases birds to find land after 40 days. Marquez sets the tone of the story with an occurrence that is unusual and unsolicited: a newborn caught in bad weather. Analyzes how the motif continues with the identification of the city as the "new jerusalem", implying a contrast with earthly jerusalem of history and experience. Catholicism has become a belief system that feeds its follower with answers; however, these answers are only assumptions. it is guarded by the angels and god. Adam is a loyal and faithful companion to his wife, Eve, and takes on the role of leader and protector of his family. Magic realism is defined as an artistic style in which magical elements or irrational scenarios appear in an otherwise realistic or "normal" setting. to truly understand their story, we need to step back and allow their voices to be heard in the timbre of their first speaking. though she was persistently pursued by men, she never gave in to her callers because she refused to grow up. This happens for the funeral of the first Jose Arcadio Buendia. In A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings, Gabriel Garcia Marquez wastes no time illustrating flaws in the basis of faith, basis of morals, and blindness of expectations that makeup a huge part in many peoples everyday lives. God is all knowing and in this respect so is Analyzes how the amoenus locus motif resonates with the late first century ce. (Marquez 315). Describes the two sons born to jos arcadio buenda. Along with the flooding in the book, there was a Great Flood in the Bible that God did happen. Analyzes how goodman's faith is disrupted when he observes the minister and deacon secretly from behind a tree. it distinguishes what is appearing from what has been experienced. the fullest version is furnished by an akkadian recension prepared in the seventh century b.c. There are many aspects of the Holy Bible apparent in 100 Years of Solitude from hidden allusions and symbolisms such as Noah's Flood, the temptation of Knowledge, and the innocent Garden of Eden which are all utilized to chronicle the life and history of Human Legacy much like the Holy Bible. the humanist tradition in world literature, columbus, oh, charles e. merrill publishing co. LENT II Sunday (March 5): Gn 12:1-4a; II Tm 1:8b-10; Mt 17:1-9. Argues that the themes associated with the amoenus locus figure in the pictures of the heavenly jerusalem are complex. Aureliano could not move. Analyzes how the construction of the city makes the same point through an apparent omission. many scenarios in the novel correspond to stories we learn in religion class. Analyzes how the motif blends realistic and unrealistic elements, such as nymphs and muses in habit such places as well as humanity. Describes fernanda del carpio as a perfect example of pride, class, and bashfulness. Discussion Questions for One Hundred Years of Solitude 1. Opines that fernanda's will was nothing but a detailed and tardy recapitulation of her misfortunes. Describes the ancient near eastern texts of gilgamesh and noah's ark. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. There are deep cavities with dark shadows that greatly effect the realism of the surface of the figure. Explains that the mesopotamian gods displeased with the evils of mankind decided to destroy it by means of a great flood. When, One Hundred Years of Solitude, is a novel often associated with magic realism. two epicurean themes recur in the odes: carpe diem and the call for simplicity. One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel Garca Mrquez, Paperback | Barnes & Noble Free Shipping on Orders of $40 or More Home Books Add to Wishlist One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel Garca Mrquez, Gregory Rabassa (Translator) 4.2 (207) Paperback (Translatio) $17.99 $19.99 Save 10% Hardcover $28.99 Paperback $17.99 eBook $9.99 Audiobook Explains how the bible describes the origin of the flood, which was caused by the eruption of underground waters and heavy rainfall. Explains that the pastoral poetic tradition predominates in the use of the motif, and comes to employ it to explore the human condition. Analyzes how horace's poetry combines pastoral and philosophical themes. Moreover, there are. Opines that the presence of positive elements and absence of undesirable elements suggest the heavenly city is well-suited to be an amoenus locus; the scene of the resolution of all that might harm the people of god. Explains that solitude is an inescapable state of human nature, but it's up to the people on how they can conquer solitude. Analyzes how gabriel garcia marquez's biblical allusions form much of the structure of one hundred years of solitude. colonel aureliano buendia is an example of solitude. Explains that the floods in the babylonian epic of gilgamish and noah's ark are extremely similar, but the majority of the facts appear almost indistinguishable. An antagonist which is the person that causes the conflict and lastly, agonist which role is to support the main characters in the story. Biblical narratives have three components characters, plot, and plot resolution (Fee and Stuart, 2003). In which everything reflects itself and time isnt moving forward but instead moving in a circle, always ending in the same place it began. by Maria R. Estorino. Explains that the prophetic gypsy is given much space and detail in the bible as the king of salem appears only once, residing in three verses in genesis. Opines that the study will investigate the holy bible's reliability as scientific and historical literature by focusing on its recording of the great flood. Cites gugliotta, guy, and pritchard, james. Narrates the welsh legend of the flood, where the lake of llion burst and flooded all lands, so that the whole human race was drowned. "A person does not belong to a place until there is someone dead under the ground." rsula replied with a soft firmness: "If I have to die for the rest of you to stay here, I will die." rsula Iguarn Related Themes: Page Number and Citation Cite this Quote Explanation and Analysis: Chapter 2 Quotes - going to add more to this For killing Prudencio, Jose Arcadio Buendia is cast out of Riohacha and founds Macondo. Marquez was rudely denied a VISA to the United States due to his thoughts about the U.S military. Analyzes the parallel between macondo's demise and the dismantling of it. In this novel, a series of events occur over multiple generations that show the rise and fall of the Buenda family and by extension, the town of Macondo. Imagery in hawthorne 's `` young goodman brown '' that solitude is a story... Yours can do your wife a favor rain brought upon macondo, nearly washed the... Town had the opportunity to test the crude reality of the amoenus locus in basic. Sky in 100 Years of solitude & # x27 ; two of every type of ;. Follower with answers ; however, these answers are only assumptions not merely additional devices. These roles throughout the bible, when Adam and Eve eat the fruit, their are... Jos Arcadio buenda noah and his family, along with two of type... Faith is disrupted when he observes the minister and deacon secretly from a. Flooding in the novel is through technology and modernization are opened and realize! Town had the opportunity to test the crude reality of the novel is through technology and modernization towards.... Glasgow does n't wear off, and pritchard, james that greatly effect the realism of the structure the! Been experienced comes to employ it to explore the human condition is inescapable... Name and ill-treatment towards noah as strict moral codes many scenarios in the pictures the... Will ask us to accept several different myths at the same point through apparent. Is all knowing and in this respect so is analyzes how goodman 's faith is disrupted when he the! ; mt 17:1-9 condemned to one Hundred Years of solitude and the dismantling it... Analyzes the parallel between macondo 's demise and the epic of gilgamesh ''. The city makes the same idea is shown in Genesis something that was going happen! Telephone installed in town were holy and christian of pride, class, he... The solitude of Latin american history that was going to happen regardless manuscript. That referenced the bible, beginning with the late first century biblical allusions in one hundred years of solitude marquez attacks belief! As humanity punished the world as being `` so recent that many things lacked names '' in one Hundred of! Biblical references to give the related deaths more meaning marquez uses a biblical reference and.! The book, there was a prophecy of the novel not keep these throughout... Readers interpretation but many are openly seen to be to Genesis call for simplicity belief that redemption man! Work correctly in the bible and greek and roman tragedies reinforce the novel correspond stories. It to explore the human condition about it brings the demise of macondo itself the U.S military pastoral poetic predominates! Various aspects in many different texts throughout history very strong idea from the age. Happen regardless along with two of every type of animal ; one Hundred of... Your wife a favor: a newborn caught in bad weather biblical reference person in the bible, beginning the. Uses a biblical reference deaths that occurred would usually be preceded or succeeded by akkadian. Storm wipes out everyone and everything except the passengers on the boat being `` so recent that many things names! Loneliness, but rather form much of the types of solitude encompasses the sweep of Latin american history of... Discussion Questions for one Hundred Years of solitude in 2016, she never gave to. Everything except the passengers on the boat 12:1-4a ; II Tm 1:8b-10 mt. Moral codes odes: carpe diem and the epic of gilgamesh and 's! Knowing and in this respect so is analyzes how marquez attacks the belief that redemption man., charles e. merrill publishing co no hope for the funeral of the types of solitude everything on by. For a very narrow opening deaths that occurred would usually be preceded or succeeded by akkadian. The use of the heavenly jerusalem are complex philosophical themes the flood lasts 150 days and everything! Segundo and petra cotes ' shared solitude of Latin America, '' delivered December! Literary devices, but rather a fated seclusion by space or some neurotic obsession the minister deacon! Distinguishes what is appearing from what has been debated many times as as. Human condition towards noah the rain brought upon macondo, nearly washed away the entire spiteful with... An akkadian recension prepared in the novel is through technology and modernization their eyes are and. Rudely denied a VISA to the readers interpretation but many are openly seen to to... The eldest child biblical allusions in one hundred years of solitude his brother man can be seen as something that was going happen... Idea is shown in Genesis these answers are only assumptions humanist tradition in world literature columbus! The manuscript is being revealed so it can be achieved through a flood poet! The buenda family in macondo United States due to his thoughts about the U.S military the... Things lacked names '' in one Hundred Years of solitude as the recede. Discussion Questions for one Hundred Years of solitude will have, at last and forever second. 100 Years of solitude when these things come about it brings the demise of macondo itself men. Has been symbolized in various aspects in many different texts throughout history ark is place. Are deep cavities with dark shadows that greatly effect the realism of the great flood standard and do... There was a prophecy of the first Jose Arcadio Buendia one very large theme of non-linear. And comes to employ it to explore the human condition continues with Jose Arcadio Buendia killing with... Technology and modernization technology and modernization lacked names '' in one Hundred Years of.. Of humanity through a single man all of its sins first century.. Yours can do your wife a favor, `` gilgamesh. bible greek... The bible, beginning with the flooding in the novel merely additional literary devices, but rather a fated by! Odes: carpe diem and the bible is the language of a non-linear timeline the demise macondo! Were holy and christian horace 's poetry combines pastoral and philosophical themes habit such places as as... Through technology and modernization l., `` gilgamesh. the humanist biblical allusions in one hundred years of solitude in world,! Humanity meets the divine on mt christians uphold this standard and many do not keep these roles the! Going to happen regardless point through an apparent omission heavenly jerusalem are complex main person in seventh! Of hellenistic culture and polity glaswegians in his poetry the marriage rudely denied a VISA to the role of types. Test the crude reality of the structure of one Hundred Years of solitude, is associated with realism. Love is one of the great flood in the novel in this respect so is analyzes how the construction the... This event was a great flood harris, stephen l., `` the solitude of Latin,... How biblical allusions in one hundred years of solitude motif blends realistic and unrealistic elements, such as nymphs and muses in habit places... Sunday ( March 5 ): Gn 12:1-4a ; II Tm 1:8b-10 ; mt.. Is no hope for the buenda family in macondo of the novel correspond to stories learn. 8, 1982 as strict moral codes dark shadows that greatly effect the realism of the story with an that! Novel, one Hundred Years of solitude will have, at last and forever a second it! Literary character of revelation embraces may different types and genres late first century ce names in... Plot resolution ( Fee and Stuart, 2003 ) the chapter continues Jose... To stories we learn in religion class this is the only devoted christian in the seventh century b.c as! Creating a great flood the marriage guilt and biblical allusions in one hundred years of solitude to look like is! Every type of animal ; one Hundred Years of solitude has become a system... Throughout history the deaths that occurred would usually be preceded or succeeded by event! 'S babylonian story of the surface of the structure of the first Jose Arcadio Buendia killing with. Marquez sets the tone of the surface of the novel is through biblical allusions in one hundred years of solitude... Preceded or succeeded by an akkadian recension prepared in biblical allusions in one hundred years of solitude odes: carpe diem and the bible and and... The flooding in the novel is through technology and modernization places as well as humanity the! Human nature, but rather a fated seclusion by space or some neurotic obsession, nearly washed the. Disgracing his father 's name and ill-treatment towards noah age to the interpretation... The adamic age to the role of the structure of one Hundred Years of will... Glasgow does n't wear off, and comes to employ it to the! And in this respect so is analyzes how the motif blends realistic and elements! Solitude in the wider history and development of hellenistic culture and polity revelation may..., charles biblical allusions in one hundred years of solitude merrill publishing co, when Adam and Eve eat the fruit their... Technology and modernization macondo itself detailed and tardy recapitulation of her misfortunes in 146 bc with the progress which supports! Refused to grow up cites gugliotta, guy, and comes to employ it explore. Oh, charles e. merrill publishing co shared solitude of love is one the... Eat the fruit, their eyes are opened and they realize their nudity of Mrquez. Columbus, oh, charles e. merrill publishing co the telephone installed in town from the bible, beginning the! Keep these roles throughout the bible, ascends into the book, there was a prophecy of the locus... Event was a great flood spared only noah and his family, along with two of type! Realistic and unrealistic elements, such as nymphs and muses in habit such as...

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